135 91 Blood Pressure: Understanding the Basics
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is responsible for over 7 million deaths each year. In this article, we will discuss the basics of blood pressure, what 135 91 blood pressure means, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
What is Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it around the body. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and consists of two numbers; the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. The systolic pressure is the top number, which represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats, while the diastolic pressure is the bottom number, which represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. A normal blood pressure reading is considered to be around 120/80 mmHg.
What Does 135 91 Blood Pressure Mean?
A blood pressure reading of 135/91 mmHg indicates that the systolic pressure is 135 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 91 mmHg. This reading is considered to be high, and it indicates that the individual has hypertension. Hypertension is classified into two categories; stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension. A reading of 135/91 mmHg falls under stage 1 hypertension.
Causes of High Blood Pressure
There are several factors that can contribute to high blood pressure, including:
- Age
- Family history of hypertension
- Obesity or being overweight
- Lack of physical activity
- Smoking
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Stress
- High salt intake
- Chronic kidney disease
- Adrenal and thyroid disorders
Symptoms of High Blood Pressure
Most people with high blood pressure do not experience any symptoms. However, in some cases, high blood pressure can cause symptoms such as:
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Nosebleeds
- Irregular heartbeat
Treatment Options for High Blood Pressure
The treatment for high blood pressure involves making lifestyle changes and taking medication if necessary. Some lifestyle changes that can help lower blood pressure include:
- Reducing salt intake
- Eating a healthy diet
- Losing weight
- Exercising regularly
- Limiting alcohol consumption
- Quitting smoking
- Managing stress
If lifestyle changes do not effectively lower blood pressure, medication may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. Some common medications used to treat hypertension include:
- Diuretics
- Beta-blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Conclusion
High blood pressure is a common health problem that can lead to serious complications if left untreated. A blood pressure reading of 135/91 mmHg indicates that an individual has stage 1 hypertension and requires management to prevent further health problems. By making lifestyle changes and taking medication if necessary, individuals with high blood pressure can lower their blood pressure and reduce their risk of complications.
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